Interlingue for Beginners

Lesson 6

1

The Rule of de Wahl regularises a great number of derivaties. There are six common verbs outside the rule which have special perfect stems.

Compound verbs agree :

conceder, concession. prevenir, prevention.

2

From nouns and adjectives we form verbs with the following suffixes :

3

We sometimes resort to direct derivation by simply adding -ar. There are five cases where we do this.

a) to indicate "provide with" :

arme (arm, military) ; armar (to arm)

b) with instruments :

scruve (screw) ; scruvar (to screw)

c) bodily function :

lácrime (tear) ; lacrimar (to weep)

d) with persons in executive positions :

judico (judge) ; judicar (to judge)

e) with adjectives, "to make" :

sicc (dry) ; siccar (to dry)

4

Adjectives are formed from nouns by the use of the affixes -al, -ari, -ic, and -in. These have a very similar meaning ; -ari is frequently used instead of -al when an -l occurs in the root. Examples :

nation, national ; regul, regulari ; nase, nasal ; manu (hand), manual ; ornament, ornamental.

5

The suffix -in is used in a general way as in "mare" (sea), "marin" or to indicate "made of", "aure" (gold), "aurin". Example :

un aurin anelle, a gold ring.

6

The suffix -ic is added to many words of Greek origin, but those which end in -ma add -tic.

angel, angelic ; barbare (barbarian), barbaric ; problema, problematic.

7

There are some other adjectival endings with special meanings :

Note that -an and -esi can be used as nouns in the forms -ane, -ese, e.g., "francese" (French person), "francesa" (Frenchwoman), etc.

8

The final -e must be retained if it is required to preserve the soft sound of c and g, e.g., "change", "changear".

9

Vocabulary.

10

Exercise.

Lor vivaci amíca es un finlandesa. Vor insistentie completmen astona me. Su tre feminin qualitás charma omni escutantes. Ili desira li nationalisation de omni industries. Noi sedet tra presc tri sessiones, durant li passat semane.